Showing posts with label Scientific American. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Scientific American. Show all posts

Saturday, October 28, 2017

Linquists Battle Over Bigfoot Language

Does Bigfoot guide maintain defined phonemes? Phonemes are distinct units of sound, similar vowel sounds. 

"The vocalizations are an amateur impression of how a proto-language mightiness sound if it evolved from non-human primates" -- Karen Stollznow of Scientific American on the Morehead/Berry tapes.


We are NOT large fans of lazy skeptics. Good skeptics on the other mitt are salubrious for our research. Ones that guide maintain held our feet to the burn downward are Sharon Hill of Doubtful News and a Huffington Post contributor and Brian Dunning of Skeptoid. Skeptics, inwards my opinion, are only similar witches inwards OZ, in that place are goodness ones too bad ones.

We are non quite certain what category Scientific America's Karen Stollznow. Ms. Stollznow has  Ph.D. inwards linguistics from the University of New England too seems to move critical of Scott Nelson's credentials. To select handgrip of you lot up, Scott Nelson retired from the Navy afterward a 17-year career every bit a crypto-linguist, intercepting Russian communications too decoding them. While his boy was listening to the Morehead too Berry Bigfoot sound recordings (a/k/a Sierra Sounds) he detected patterns too maybe fifty-fifty language.

After Karen introduces the full general populace on types of Sasquatch bear witness she dives correct into the possibility of Bigfoot linguistic communication too the Morehead/Berry Tapes:
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 fascinating category of bear witness involves claims of a Bigfoot language. Eyewitnesses written report hearing howls, whoops, growls, screams, mumbles, whistles too other foreign vocalizations inwards the wild, too attribute these to Bigfoot. Variant forms of Bigfoot are found across cultures, too the Sasquatch, Himalayan Yeti, Australian Yowie too other alleged creatures are similarly believed to make vocalizations. Other Bigfoot communication includes the mimicry of wild fauna too wood sounds, wood-knocking, rock-knocking too rock-throwing. Bigfoot is too idea to cast patterns amongst sticks too rocks every bit a sort of writing system. In wilder claims nigh wild men, Bigfoot are believed to guide maintain the powerfulness to communicate telepathically, too purpose their large feet to ship infra-sound communication over long distances. Bigfoot are too claimed to beak too sympathize human languages, too to guide maintain their ain Bigfoot language.

There is piffling bear witness to back upward these claims, other than the anecdotal kind. The Sierra Sound recordings, too known every bit the Berry/Morehead tapes, are touted every bit the gold-standard of bear witness for a Bigfoot language. During a publish of expeditions to the Sierra Nevada Mountains betwixt the years 1972-1975, Alan Berry, Ronald Morehead too their crew captured sound recordings of alleged Bigfoot encounters. They recorded a total of xc minutes of Bigfoot linguistic communication too vocalizations using a microphone dangled from a tree branch attached to a reel-to-reel recorder. Over the years they too found 18-inch footprints of Bigfoot, too experienced many sightings…just non during the recordings!

Morehead too Berry (until his choke inwards 2012) staunchly deny that the recordings are a prank. However, for a publish of reasons, it is highly likely that the recordings are a hoax, or that the crew were hoaxed. The expeditions were undertaken specifically to hunt for Bigfoot. “Bigfoot” was heard but never seen when the recordings were made. It is obvious that other animals made only about of the sounds, such every bit bears. The wood knocks are slow to re-create, piece the “language” itself is unconvincing. The vocalizations are an amateur impression of how a proto-language mightiness sound if it evolved from non-human primates. This “Bigfoot” is likely human, too the Sierra Sounds a combination of hoax too misidentification, similar all of the other bear witness for Bigfoot.
Sounds similar she has already reached a conclusion. What is unfortunate is nosotros were hoping her critique would come upward to a greater extent than from a linguist perspective, but her conclusion, every bit you lot volition read below,  is that looking into Bigfoot linguistic communication is putting the cart earlier the horse. She thinks nosotros should move looking for a torso first. Not exclusively is this a disappointment, because it would guide maintain been peachy to larn only about other linguist's perspective, but it  also a flawed argument. If this was the prevailing logic nosotros would guide maintain never tried to decipher the cuneiform text left on clay tablets past times the Sumerians.

Here is her non-linguistic based argument:

Self –proclaimed “Bigfoot linguistic communication expert” R. Scott Nelson has taken the Bigfoot linguistic communication claims one-step further. As though it is the Linear B of Bigfoot linguistic communication to move deciphered, Nelson has created a transcription of the Sierra Sound Recordings. He is a retired the U.S. of A. Navy Cryptologic Technician Interpreter who speaks Russian, Castilian too Persian. He too believes he tin give the axe beak “Bigfoot”.

Nelson claims he has identified non exclusively vocalizations such every bit whistles, grunts, too snarls, but too private phonemes, i.e., the sounds that combine to practise words. Nelson has created a pronunciation fundamental for these phonemes, too he uses the Latin alphabet, diacritics too diverse other symbols to stand upward for these sounds. He calls this the Sasquatch Phonetic Alphabet (SPA), or the Unclassified Hominid Phonetic Alphabet (UHPA). It is unclear why he doesn’t purpose the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), the standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.

Bilingualism (speaking 2 or to a greater extent than languages) too working every bit a translator doesn’t qualify person to position or depict undocumented languages. This is an expanse of anthropological linguistics, although it appears every bit if many cryptozoological fans confuse “crypto-linguistics” every bit a champaign that researches the linguistic communication of cryptids. The Sierra Sounds are used non exclusively to back upward the claim of a Bigfoot language, but too to legitimize claims of Bigfoot’s existence. As Nelson argues, “The being of the Sasquatch Being is hereby assumed, since whatever creature must be earlier his language.” However, in that place are yet prior questions. Does Bigfoot exist, too if so, could Bigfoot speak?

For arguments sake, if Bigfoot did exist, the species would likely guide maintain developed its ain organization of communication, similar chimpanzees too Vervet monkeys. Similar to the claims of the (so far mythical) Orang-Pendek, Bigfoot would in all probability communicate using vocalizations. However, non-human primates don’t guide maintain the physiology to make a broad diversity of speech communication sounds, then it is unlikely that Bigfoot would guide maintain developed language, or would move able to beak existing human languages. At whatever rate, this is all starting off on the incorrect (Big)foot. There is no company physical bear witness to back upward the being of Bigfoot. Before nosotros found the being of Bigfoot language, nosotros would postulate to found the being of Bigfoot.
You tin give the axe read her total article at the Scientific American Blog

Sumber http://www.bigfootlunchclub.com/2012/12/pemco-insurance-takes-sasquatch-poll.html

Scientific American's Tetrapod Hosts Speculate on the Yeti

Himalayan Yeti inwards summertime pelt, surrounded past times flowering rhododendron.
Image past times John Conway, from the forthcoming Cryptozoologicon.
All Yesterdays: Unique in addition to Speculative Views of Dinosaurs in addition to Other Prehistoric Animals was a successful volume written created past times palaeozoologist Darren Naish, in addition to palaeontological artists John
Conway in addition to C.M. Kosemen. Mr. Naish in addition to Mr. Conway host Scientific American's Tetrapod Zoology Podcast.

They volition shortly unloose a volume inwards the same flavor every bit All Yesterdays, but with a cryptozoological theme titled Cryptozoologicon. Earlier today (08.04.2013), Scientific American's Tetrapod Zoology Blog posted presented a preview of Yeti department of Cryptozoologican.

It starts out swell distinguishing that the white-furred-blue-skin yeti is to a greater extent than of a Hollywood conception:

The Yeti is easily i of the most famous of mystery creatures. The Yeti of the cryptozoological literature is non the shaggy-furred, white snowbeast of Hollywood movies in addition to pop artwork. Instead, it’s a blackish, nighttime brown, or red-brown animate beingness of the sub-temperate in addition to temperate forests in addition to mountainsides of the Himalayan Mountains in addition to Tibetan Plateau, predominantly bipedal in addition to three thousand or then inwards meridian (though, to hold upwards fair, white Yetis get got supposedly been reported from Tibet). Eyewitness in addition to mythological accounts believed to depict the Yeti come upwards from such countries every bit Russia, China, Nepal, Tibet in addition to India. Across this large area, a multifariousness of dissimilar local names are believed past times cryptozoologists to depict the same creature (Shackley 1983). However, at that spot is much variation inwards the size, cast in addition to demeanour of the hairy ape-men described across this surface area past times witnesses in addition to known from lore, then i interpretation favoured past times some cryptozoologists is that at that spot are truly ii kinds of yeti, or that we’re truly seeing references to a huge cast of unknown hominids that attain from shaggy, orangutan-like species to surviving Dryopithecus-like species, australopithecines, Neanderthals, members of Homo erectus in addition to others (Heuvelmans 1986, Coleman & Huyghe 1999).
Although they ultimately conclude the Yeti as, "an amalgamation of fleeting glimpses of known animals (including bears, takin in addition to serows) with both the universal wildman archetype in addition to with local Asian lore virtually humanesque, mountain-dwelling demons.." This does non halt the palaeo-power squad to serious speculate on (from their perspective), "What if the Yeti were real?"

Most of the speculations nosotros mightiness brand virtually the Yeti (if nosotros assume it to hold upwards a existent animal) get got already been made inwards the extensive cryptozoological literature on it. Heuvelmans (1958) gave the Yeti the suggested scientific cite Dinanthropoides nivalis in addition to proposed that giant size evolved within a lineage of arboreal Asian apes, that the members of this lineage came downwards to the ground, in addition to that specialisation for life inwards mountainous, snowy places encouraged them to decease bipedal. He implied a unopen link betwixt the Yeti in addition to Gigantopithecus but did non think that these apes were to a greater extent than or less orangutans. This scenario would necessitate that Yeti bipedalism evolved independently from that seen inwards humans in addition to other hominids, in addition to it’s contradicted past times evidence indicating that hominid bipedalism kickoff evolved inwards an arboreal setting, afterward beingness improved past times those lineages that took to increased terrestrial life (see the Orang-pendek section, pp. 13-15).

While some authors get got implied or argued that the Yeti in addition to Sasquatch are members of the human lineage, nosotros prefer the persuasion that these are bipedal pongines, convergently similar to hominins inwards some ways but dissimilar with honor to the details of anatomy, gait in addition to behaviour. Indeed, Yeti sightings do the impression of a hominid non all that dissimilar from the paranthropines, the to a greater extent than robust of the extinct, African australopithecines. Dinanthropoides walks bipedally with slightly bent knees, its trunk leaning to a greater extent than forwards than is the representative inwards our species, in addition to its long arms reaching downwards to its knees. Its resting poses to a greater extent than retrieve those of orangutans in addition to gorillas than humans, in addition to it tin fifty-fifty motion quadrupedally when scrambling upwards hillside in addition to with large rocks. Its feet are exclusively superficially human-like, the enlarged, exclusively semi-divergent hallux in addition to wide heel representing rigid terrestrial specialisation inwards a primate that started its terrestrial career with a typical hominid human foot similar that of orangutans.

Yetis are non reported to role tools; however, this may hold upwards due to a lack of detailed observation. We know today that orangutans, gorillas in addition to chimps all role tools inwards the wild: these behaviours went unknown for decades in addition to (in most populations) exclusively occur rarely. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 rigid jaw in addition to massive, rigid teeth brand Dinanthropoides an practiced at breaking fruits in addition to nuts (Tchernine 1974). As a hominid adapted for temperate, frequently cool, habitats, Dinanthropoides is able to bargain with warm summertime weather every bit good every bit far cooler, wintertime ones thank y'all to seasonal changes inwards the length in addition to thickness of its pelt, though these changes don’t plough over off across all Yeti populations. Our Himalayan Yetis are inwards their thinner, reddish summertime coats (the scene depicts a fourth dimension several decades inwards the past, when the Himalayas were to a greater extent than extensively covered past times snowfall in addition to H2O ice than they are today).

If exclusively to a greater extent than people were prepared to bring the reality of the Yeti, Sasquatch in addition to Orang-pendek, they would realise that the supposed differences betwixt humans in addition to other swell apes only reverberate the fact that the ‘intermediate’ taxa are extinct or scientifically unrecognised. Yet i time to a greater extent than blinkered, hidebound institution Ivory Tower scientists, to a greater extent than interested inwards sitting behind their computers than searching the globe for existent animals, are belongings dorsum scientific progress!!!!!!! THEY WILL BE SHOWN WRONG IN THE END!!!

The Cryptozoologicon – past times John Conway, C. M. Kosemen in addition to Darren Naish – is due out afterward inwards 2013 in addition to volition hold upwards published past times Irregular Books. Follow @IrregularBooks on twitter.

Read to a greater extent than from Scientific American's Tetrapod Zoology Blog 

Sumber http://www.bigfootlunchclub.com/2012/12/pemco-insurance-takes-sasquatch-poll.html